AOP实现系统告警

语言: CN / TW / HK

工作群里的消息怕过于安静,又怕过于频繁

一、业务背景

在开发的过程中会遇到各种各样的开发问题,服务器宕机、网络抖动、代码本身的bug等等。针对代码的bug,我们可以提前预支,通过发送告警信息来警示我们去干预,尽早处理。

二、告警的方式

1、钉钉告警

通过在企业钉钉群,添加群机器人的方式,通过机器人向群内发送报警信息。至于钉钉机器人怎么创建,发送消息的api等等,请参考官方文档

2、企业微信告警

同样的套路,企业微信也是,在企业微信群中,添加群机器人。通过机器人发送告警信息。具体请看官方文档

3、邮件告警

与上述不同的是,邮件是发送给个人的,当然也可以是批量发送,只实现了发送文本格式的方式,至于markdown格式,有待考察。邮件发送相对比较简单,这里就不展开赘述。

三、源码解析

1、Alarm自定义注解

@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface Alarm {

/**
* 报警标题
*
* @return String
*/

String title() default "";

/**
* 发送报警格式:目前支持text,markdown
* @return
*/

MessageTye messageType() default MessageTye.TEXT;

/**
* 告警模板id
* @return
*/

String templateId() default "";

/**
* 成功是否通知:true-通知,false-不通知
* @return
*/

boolean successNotice() default false;
}

1.1、注解使用

@Alarm 标记在方法上使用,被标记的方法发生异常,会根据配置,读取配置信息,发送异常堆栈信息。使用方法如下所示:

@Alarm(title = "某某业务告警", messageType = MessageTye.MARKDOWN, templateId = "errorTemp")

1.2、注解字段解析

  1. title

告警消息标题:可以定义为业务信息,如导师身份计算

  1. messageType

告警消息展示类型:目前支持text文本类型,markdown类型

  1. templateId

消息模板id:与配置文件中配置的模板id一致

  1. successNotice

正常情况是否也需要发送告警信息,默认值是fasle,表示不需要发送。当然,有些业务场景正常情况也需要发送,比如:支付出单通知等。

2、配置文件分析

2.1、钉钉配置文件

spring:
alarm:
dingtalk:
# 开启钉钉发送告警
enabled: true
# 钉钉群机器人唯一的token
token: xxxxxx
# 安全设置:加签的密钥
secret: xxxxxxx

2.2、企业微信配置文件

spring:
alarm:
wechat:
# 开启企业微信告警
enabled: true
# 企业微信群机器人唯一key
key: xxxxxdsf
# 被@人的手机号
to-user: 1314243

2.3、邮件配置文件

spring:
alarm:
mail:
enabled: true
smtpHost: [email protected]
smtpPort: 22
to: [email protected]
from: 132@qq.com
username: wsrf
password: xxx

2.4、自定义模板配置

spring:
alarm:
template:
# 开启通过模板配置
enabled: true
# 配置模板来源为文件
source: FILE
# 配置模板数据
templates:
errorTemp:
templateId: errorTemp
templateName: 服务异常模板
templateContent: 这里是配置模板的内容
  • spring:alarm:template:enabled ,Boolean类型,表示开启告警消息使用模板发送。
  • spring:alarm:template:source ,模板来源,枚举类:JDBC(数据库)、FILE(配置文件)、MEMORY(内存),目前只支持FILE,其他两种可自行扩展。
  • spring:alarm:template:templates
    errorTemp
    @Alarm
    

3、核心AOP分析

3.1、原理分析

3.2、自定义切面

@Aspect
@Slf4j
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class AlarmAspect {
private final AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider;

private final static String ERROR_TEMPLATE = "\n\n<font color=\"#F37335\">异常信息:</font>\n" +
"```java\n" +
"#{[exception]}\n" +
"```\n";

private final static String TEXT_ERROR_TEMPLATE = "\n异常信息:\n" +
"#{[exception]}";

private final static String MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE = "# 【#{[title]}】\n" +
"\n请求状态:<font color=\"#{[stateColor]}\">#{[state]}</font>\n\n";

private final static String TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE = "【#{[title]}】\n" +
"请求状态:#{[state]}\n";

@Pointcut("@annotation(alarm)")
public void alarmPointcut(Alarm alarm) {

}

@Around(value = "alarmPointcut(alarm)", argNames = "joinPoint,alarm")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, Alarm alarm) throws Throwable {
Object result = joinPoint.proceed();
if (alarm.successNotice()) {
String templateId = alarm.templateId();
String fileTemplateContent = "";
if (Objects.nonNull(alarmTemplateProvider)) {
AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = alarmTemplateProvider.loadingAlarmTemplate(templateId);
fileTemplateContent = alarmTemplate.getTemplateContent();
}
String templateContent = "";
MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType();
if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) {
templateContent = TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent);
} else if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) {
templateContent = MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent);
}
Map<String, Object> alarmParamMap = new HashMap<>();
alarmParamMap.put("title", alarm.title());
alarmParamMap.put("stateColor", "#45B649");
alarmParamMap.put("state", "成功");
sendAlarm(alarm, templateContent, alarmParamMap);
}
return result;
}


@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "alarmPointcut(alarm)", argNames = "joinPoint,alarm,e", throwing = "e")
public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, Alarm alarm, Exception e) {
log.info("请求接口发生异常 : [{}]", e.getMessage());
String templateId = alarm.templateId();
// 加载模板中配置的内容,若有
String templateContent = "";
String fileTemplateContent = "";
if (Objects.nonNull(alarmTemplateProvider)) {
AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = alarmTemplateProvider.loadingAlarmTemplate(templateId);
fileTemplateContent = alarmTemplate.getTemplateContent();
}
MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType();
if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) {
templateContent = TEXT_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent).concat(TEXT_ERROR_TEMPLATE);
} else if (messageTye.equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) {
templateContent = MARKDOWN_TITLE_TEMPLATE.concat(fileTemplateContent).concat(ERROR_TEMPLATE);
}
Map<String, Object> alarmParamMap = new HashMap<>();
alarmParamMap.put("title", alarm.title());
alarmParamMap.put("stateColor", "#FF4B2B");
alarmParamMap.put("state", "失败");
alarmParamMap.put("exception", ExceptionUtil.stacktraceToString(e));
sendAlarm(alarm, templateContent, alarmParamMap);
}

private void sendAlarm(Alarm alarm, String templateContent, Map<String, Object> alarmParamMap) {
ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
TemplateParserContext parserContext = new TemplateParserContext();
String message = parser.parseExpression(templateContent, parserContext).getValue(alarmParamMap, String.class);
MessageTye messageTye = alarm.messageType();
NotifyMessage notifyMessage = new NotifyMessage();
notifyMessage.setTitle(alarm.title());
notifyMessage.setMessageTye(messageTye);
notifyMessage.setMessage(message);
AlarmFactoryExecute.execute(notifyMessage);
}
}

4、模板提供器

4.1、AlarmTemplateProvider

定义一个抽象接口 AlarmTemplateProvider ,用于被具体的子类实现

public interface AlarmTemplateProvider {


/**
* 加载告警模板
*
* @param templateId 模板id
* @return AlarmTemplate
*/

AlarmTemplate loadingAlarmTemplate(String templateId);
}

4.2、BaseAlarmTemplateProvider

抽象类 BaseAlarmTemplateProvider 实现该抽象接口

public abstract class BaseAlarmTemplateProvider implements AlarmTemplateProvider {

@Override
public AlarmTemplate loadingAlarmTemplate(String templateId) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(templateId)) {
throw new AlarmException(400, "告警模板配置id不能为空");
}
return getAlarmTemplate(templateId);
}

/**
* 查询告警模板
*
* @param templateId 模板id
* @return AlarmTemplate
*/

abstract AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId);
}

4.3、YamlAlarmTemplateProvider

具体实现类 YamlAlarmTemplateProvider ,实现从配置文件中读取模板,该类在项目启动时,会被加载进spring的bean容器

@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class YamlAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider {

private final TemplateConfig templateConfig;

@Override
AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) {
Map<String, AlarmTemplate> configTemplates = templateConfig.getTemplates();
AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = configTemplates.get(templateId);
if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) {
throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板");
}
return alarmTemplate;
}
}

4.4、MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider和JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider

抽象类 BaseAlarmTemplateProvider 还有其他两个子类,分别是 MemoryAlarmTemplateProviderJdbcAlarmTemplateProvider 。但是这两个子类暂时还未实现逻辑,后续可以自行扩展。

@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider {

private final Function<String, AlarmTemplate> function;
@Override
AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) {
AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = function.apply(templateId);
if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) {
throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板");
}
return alarmTemplate;
}
}
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider extends BaseAlarmTemplateProvider {

private final Function<String, AlarmTemplate> function;

@Override
AlarmTemplate getAlarmTemplate(String templateId) {
AlarmTemplate alarmTemplate = function.apply(templateId);
if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(alarmTemplate)) {
throw new AlarmException(400, "未发现告警配置模板");
}
return alarmTemplate;
}
}

两个类中都有Function<String, AlarmTemplate>接口,为函数式接口,可以供外部自行去实现逻辑。

5、告警发送

5.1、AlarmFactoryExecute

该类内部保存了一个容器,主要用于缓存真正的发送类

public class AlarmFactoryExecute {

private static List<AlarmWarnService> serviceList = new ArrayList<>();

public AlarmFactoryExecute(List<AlarmWarnService> alarmLogWarnServices) {
serviceList = alarmLogWarnServices;
}

public static void addAlarmLogWarnService(AlarmWarnService alarmLogWarnService) {
serviceList.add(alarmLogWarnService);
}

public static List<AlarmWarnService> getServiceList() {
return serviceList;
}

public static void execute(NotifyMessage notifyMessage) {
for (AlarmWarnService alarmWarnService : getServiceList()) {
alarmWarnService.send(notifyMessage);
}
}
}

5.2、AlarmWarnService

抽象接口,只提供一个发送的方法

public interface AlarmWarnService {

/**
* 发送信息
*
* @param notifyMessage message
*/

void send(NotifyMessage notifyMessage);

}

5.3、BaseWarnService

与抽象的模板提供器 AlarmTemplateProvider 一样的套路,该接口有一个抽象的实现类 BaseWarnService ,该类对外暴露send方法,用于发送消息,内部用doSendMarkdown,doSendText方法实现具体的发送逻辑,当然具体发送逻辑还是得由其子类去实现。

@Slf4j
public abstract class BaseWarnService implements AlarmWarnService {

@Override
public void send(NotifyMessage notifyMessage) {
if (notifyMessage.getMessageTye().equals(MessageTye.TEXT)) {
CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
try {
doSendText(notifyMessage.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("send text warn message error", e);
}
});
} else if (notifyMessage.getMessageTye().equals(MessageTye.MARKDOWN)) {
CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
try {
doSendMarkdown(notifyMessage.getTitle(), notifyMessage.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("send markdown warn message error", e);
}
});
}
}

/**
* 发送Markdown消息
*
* @param title Markdown标题
* @param message Markdown消息
* @throws Exception 异常
*/

protected abstract void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception;

/**
* 发送文本消息
*
* @param message 文本消息
* @throws Exception 异常
*/

protected abstract void doSendText(String message) throws Exception;
}

5.4、DingTalkWarnService

主要实现了钉钉发送告警信息的逻辑

@Slf4j
public class DingTalkWarnService extends BaseWarnService {

private static final String ROBOT_SEND_URL = "http://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=";
private final String token;

private final String secret;

public DingTalkWarnService(String token, String secret) {
this.token = token;
this.secret = secret;
}

public void sendRobotMessage(DingTalkSendRequest dingTalkSendRequest) throws Exception {
String json = JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dingTalkSendRequest);
String sign = getSign();
String body = HttpRequest.post(sign).contentType(ContentType.JSON.getValue()).body(json).execute().body();
log.info("钉钉机器人通知结果:{}", body);
}

/**
* 获取签名
*
* @return 返回签名
*/

private String getSign() throws Exception {
long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "HmacSHA256"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return ROBOT_SEND_URL + token + "&timestamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(signData)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
}

@Override
protected void doSendText(String message) throws Exception {
DingTalkSendRequest param = new DingTalkSendRequest();
param.setMsgtype(DingTalkSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT.getType());
param.setText(new DingTalkSendRequest.Text(message));
sendRobotMessage(param);
}

@Override
protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception {
DingTalkSendRequest param = new DingTalkSendRequest();
param.setMsgtype(DingTalkSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN.getType());
DingTalkSendRequest.Markdown markdown = new DingTalkSendRequest.Markdown(title, message);
param.setMarkdown(markdown);
sendRobotMessage(param);
}
}

5.5、WorkWeXinWarnService

主要实现了发送企业微信告警信息的逻辑

@Slf4j
public class WorkWeXinWarnService extends BaseWarnService {
private static final String SEND_MESSAGE_URL = "http://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=%s";
private final String key;

private final String toUser;

public WorkWeXinWarnService(String key, String toUser) {
this.key = key;
this.toUser = toUser;
}

private String createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum messageTye, String contentValue) {
WorkWeXinSendRequest wcd = new WorkWeXinSendRequest();
wcd.setMsgtype(messageTye.getType());
List<String> toUsers = Arrays.asList("@all");
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(toUser)) {
String[] split = toUser.split("\\|");
toUsers = Arrays.asList(split);
}
if (messageTye.equals(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT)) {
WorkWeXinSendRequest.Text text = new WorkWeXinSendRequest.Text(contentValue, toUsers);
wcd.setText(text);
} else if (messageTye.equals(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN)) {
WorkWeXinSendRequest.Markdown markdown = new WorkWeXinSendRequest.Markdown(contentValue, toUsers);
wcd.setMarkdown(markdown);
}
return JSONUtil.toJsonStr(wcd);
}

@Override
protected void doSendText(String message) {
String data = createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.TEXT, message);
String url = String.format(SEND_MESSAGE_URL, key);
String resp = HttpRequest.post(url).body(data).execute().body();
log.info("send work weixin message call [{}], param:{}, resp:{}", url, data, resp);
}

@Override
protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) {
String data = createPostData(WorkWeXinSendMsgTypeEnum.MARKDOWN, message);
String url = String.format(SEND_MESSAGE_URL, key);
String resp = HttpRequest.post(url).body(data).execute().body();
log.info("send work weixin message call [{}], param:{}, resp:{}", url, data, resp);
}
}

5.6、MailWarnService

主要实现邮件告警逻辑

@Slf4j
public class MailWarnService extends BaseWarnService {

private final String smtpHost;

private final String smtpPort;

private final String to;

private final String from;

private final String username;

private final String password;

private Boolean ssl = true;

private Boolean debug = false;

public MailWarnService(String smtpHost, String smtpPort, String to, String from, String username, String password) {
this.smtpHost = smtpHost;
this.smtpPort = smtpPort;
this.to = to;
this.from = from;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}

public void setSsl(Boolean ssl) {
this.ssl = ssl;
}

public void setDebug(Boolean debug) {
this.debug = debug;
}

@Override
protected void doSendText(String message) throws Exception {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", smtpHost);
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", smtpPort);
props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", true);
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
session.setDebug(false);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
for (String toUser : to.split(",")) {
msg.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toUser));
}
Map<String, String> map = JSONUtil.toBean(message, Map.class);
msg.setSubject(map.get("subject"), "UTF-8");
msg.setContent(map.get("content"), "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
msg.setSentDate(new Date());
Transport transport = session.getTransport();
transport.connect(username, password);
transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
}

@Override
protected void doSendMarkdown(String title, String message) throws Exception {
log.warn("暂不支持发送Markdown邮件");
}
}

6、AlarmAutoConfiguration自动装配类

运用了springboot自定义的starter,再 META-INF 包下的配置文件 spring.factories 下,配置上该类

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.seven.buttemsg.autoconfigure.AlarmAutoConfiguration

自动装配类,用于装载自定义的bean

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class AlarmAutoConfiguration {

// 邮件相关配置装载
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = MailConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MailConfig.class)
static class MailWarnServiceMethod
{

@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MailWarnService.class)
public MailWarnService mailWarnService(final MailConfig mailConfig)
{
MailWarnService mailWarnService = new MailWarnService(mailConfig.getSmtpHost(), mailConfig.getSmtpPort(), mailConfig.getTo(), mailConfig.getFrom(), mailConfig.getUsername(), mailConfig.getPassword());
mailWarnService.setSsl(mailConfig.getSsl());
mailWarnService.setDebug(mailConfig.getDebug());
AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(mailWarnService);
return mailWarnService;
}
}

// 企业微信相关配置装载
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = WorkWeXinConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(WorkWeXinConfig.class)
static class WorkWechatWarnServiceMethod
{

@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MailWarnService.class)
public WorkWeXinWarnService workWechatWarnService(final WorkWeXinConfig workWeXinConfig)
{
return new WorkWeXinWarnService(workWeXinConfig.getKey(), workWeXinConfig.getToUser());
}

@Autowired
void setDataChangedListener(WorkWeXinWarnService workWeXinWarnService) {
AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(workWeXinWarnService);
}
}

// 钉钉相关配置装载
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = DingTalkConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DingTalkConfig.class)
static class DingTalkWarnServiceMethod
{

@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DingTalkWarnService.class)
public DingTalkWarnService dingTalkWarnService(final DingTalkConfig dingtalkConfig)
{
DingTalkWarnService dingTalkWarnService = new DingTalkWarnService(dingtalkConfig.getToken(), dingtalkConfig.getSecret());
AlarmFactoryExecute.addAlarmLogWarnService(dingTalkWarnService);
return dingTalkWarnService;
}
}

// 消息模板配置装载
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = TemplateConfig.PREFIX, name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(TemplateConfig.class)
static class TemplateConfigServiceMethod
{

@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider(TemplateConfig templateConfig) {
if (TemplateSource.FILE == templateConfig.getSource()) {
return new YamlAlarmTemplateProvider(templateConfig);
} else if (TemplateSource.JDBC == templateConfig.getSource()) {
// 数据库(如mysql)读取文件,未实现,可自行扩展
return new JdbcAlarmTemplateProvider(templateId -> null);
} else if (TemplateSource.MEMORY == templateConfig.getSource()) {
// 内存(如redis,本地内存)读取文件,未实现,可自行扩展
return new MemoryAlarmTemplateProvider(templateId -> null);
}
return new YamlAlarmTemplateProvider(templateConfig);
}


}
@Bean
public AlarmAspect alarmAspect(@Autowired(required = false) AlarmTemplateProvider alarmTemplateProvider) {
return new AlarmAspect(alarmTemplateProvider);
}
}

四、总结

主要借助spring的切面技术,以及springboot的自动装配原理,实现了发送告警逻辑。对业务代码无侵入,只需要在业务代码上标记注解,就可实现可插拔的功能,比较轻量。

五、参考源码

编程文档:
http://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-java-note

应用仓库:
http://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-flyer-parent